Apparatus for inserting piles.



Nn. 353,581. l PTENTEB MAY 14, 196?. G. G. FRYBR.

APEARTUS FOR INSRTING PELESL APPLIGAHGBI 22@ Env. so, 1am, Manin sulla, 1906.

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,PATENT oniricaV GEORGE FRYER, UF SYRACUVSE, NEW YORK.

i No. 853,581.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patmed may 14, 1907.

Application tiled November 3()i 1903. Renewed October 18, 3.906. Seriai No, 339.5%.

To will 'uf/mm, t may concern: y Be it known that I, GEORGE G. Farris; o

Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Apparatus'for Inserting lzriies,

of which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its obiect the pro duction of apparatus, particularly aplioable for inserting piles into moist or su merged soil, which is espeeiallj,r simple in construction and highly efficient in use and to this end, it consists in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and'olaimecl.

ln describing-this invention, reference is had to the accompanying draining, in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views. f

Figure 1 isa diagrammen@ view, part-ly broken away, of a preferable embodiment of my invention, the ioat being emitted. Fig. 2 is a lvertical sectional view taken on line A-v-A, Fig. 1,'a part of the end of the loat. being also illustrated. Fig. 3 is a verticaal sectional View of a pair of detached interlocking divisions of the removable piie of my apparatus. Figs. 4 and 5 are plan views of the opposing faces of the divisions seen in Fig. 3. Figs. 6 and 7 are elevationsl partly in section, otl'ie lower portions of modified construotions oi the removable pile.

, an elevation, artly in section, of the upper portion of sai pile and a modified means for oroingtlle same downwardly. Fig. 9 isa plan View of arseries of Inles inserted by my apparatus, an overlying foundation being in-Vv terial, means for solidifying the soil and the soiidiiiable material adjacent to said pile and' thereby forming a temporarily-stable shell Y arornfl removable pile,Y to provide a cavi ity fora permanent pile means for decreasing fils.

the Y:iio'lirlity of the surface of said slieli ooniiguous to the pile and thereby facilitating the withdrawal'of the pile!"Y and means for iiiling" tlie opening from Whieli the pile is wiltlxdrawn and thus forming'a permanentpi u,

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As best seen in Fig'. 2, the pile is prefer-` ably formed vi itli an internal iengthwise cavity 2, and is composed ol a detachable poilur 3 and separable seot-ions'e. The point. 3 is generally formed with an internal chamber 5, passages 6 leading laterally from the cham ber 5 through the exterior surface ol the pint, and an opening '1" extending from said oliamber through the opper face of the point, 3 and conimunicaiing with an opening 8 leading downwardly freni the cavity 2 through a lower end-surface of the low est section 4 vof the pile. The upper portion of the "point 3 is reduced .in diameterV and fric-tionally engaged with ine inner face of tlie lower extremity oi'v tire lowest section 4, and the intermediate portion of the point 3 is provided with an annular slmuitler 9 eng aged with the lower edge oi said section. Y

Contiguous surfaoes of the point 3 and the lowestsectione, may be. united by any snitable soluble cement or adhesive material, un-

ni-:cessary to illustrate and describe, which will be readilyr dissolved when the pile is within moist soil, and will not retard the separation of the lowest section 4 from the point 3, when the main part of the pile is withdrawn. Separation of said ma in part of the ile from the point 3 may also be facilitated ,3y providing the periphery of the point with an annular groove U), sinoethe soil through wiion the point passes will enter this groove' and resist the return or upward movement of the point 3 to ai greater or less extent. The detachable point 3 closes the lower end of the soiidiied or stable slieli formed Yaround the pile 1 and faoilitates the' snpporttof said shell when the pile is withdrawn. A.

The sections 4 comprisingthe main part of vthe pile preferably taper downwardly, but 95 may" obviously be of uniform diameter tlnronghout if desired. Eachv seotien 4 is composed of a main portion-and upper and lower divisions 11,12, seouredto said main `portion by suitable means, as screws 13, the roo upper division 11 being provided with eyes 14 detaohably secured to -lts peri hery and having its inner fase formed with engthwse l grooves or cutoutsvl arranged substantially equidistant from eaoh other and with nm5 nwardlv-proj eating threaded ysh'oaders 16 a1'- ternating with the grooves or en touts i5, and the owerz division 12 having its .periphery Y provided withi ngthwise groovesor outouts.

f1? arrangeftsa stantally eqlidstant. freni maY each other and formed of sufficient six/.e to rel ccive the shoulders 16 of the opposing upper division 1 of the next lower section 4, and also having its periphery provided with projecting threed ed shoulders 18 movable lengthwise ot the pile in the grooves or eutouts 15 in said opposing upper division, and then laterally into engagement with the shoulders 16 ot said upper division. The section 4 provided with the point 3 is obviously not provided with a lower division 12, and the top of the uppermost section 4 is provided with a cap Il) iorined with lengthwise grooves or cutouts and per'ipiieril threaded shoulders similar to the parts 1l' 18 oi the sections 1;? for detaehably securing said cap 19 to thc top of the uppermost section 11. The described construction of my pile is particularly simple and effective, but it will be understood that any other suitable pile may be used with the remaining parts ot my apparatus, and that said pile may either be ol any predetermined len th. or may be composed oi sections detao ably secured together by any desirable means. 4

The means for facilitating handling of the pile 1 may be of any suitable forni, size and construction, and is here illustrated, Fig. l, as a derrick 2() provided with a movable arm 2l, winding means, as a drain 22, and any desirable. movable supporting members, as chains 23, having means, as hooks 2i-1, for detachably engaging the eyes 14.. It will be understood, however, that the pile 1 may be handled by any other suitable means, and that il of small'size, it may be manipulated by h a nd.

The means for forcing the pile l into the soil' preferably comprises a float., as a boat or scow 25, acylinder 26, a piston 27, and means for supplying a fluid under pressure to the cylinder. Said float 25 may be provided with a vertical opening, not illustrated, for the passage of the pile 1, or with a suitable traint-*work 2S, Fig. I?, for supporting said pile outside of the float, as in advance thereof. The cylinder 26 is fixed to the float 25, preferably by the framework 28, and the piston 27 is movable in the cylinder .26 and is connected to ihe )ile 1. The means for supplying a fluid under pressure to the cylinder 26 usually comprises a tank 2li containing compressed air and a conduit Htl having branches for condui .ing the cionprcssed air from the tank 2*.) o iii: lower and upper ends of the cylindri' ft, said fondni'. ltl being provided witb inrans, ns valves .51. for controlling lhr flow dirf'cihiough. l generally use j four of the cylindi rs 2o arrungi il iwpiidis: :int from each oihrr around .he pile 1. and coiinect the pisions T o said pile by laitrullv i projectingaims 32 provided on the upper t ends of the pistons '.27 and dciarlial'lf cnl gaged'with the upper faire ofthe c: p tti, 'Vlie l chamber tank 29 may be supplied with compressed air by any desirable means, as a pump 33, actuated by a rotary engine 34 connected ,to a steam-boiler 35.

lf it is not convenient to handle thel pilesrom a float and to, force said piles dini'inwardly by air-pressure, 1 support a suitable receptacle 36, Fig. 8, upon the u iper portion of the pile, or the cap 1t), and fill this receptacle with water, or soil, which may be withdrawn when it is desired to remove tlie pile.

The means for facilitating the entrancr of the removable pile into the soil usually consisis of a conduit 37 comniuniii'ating with the 5, and means for forcing a fluid under pressure through said conduit. As clearly seen in Fig. 2, the conduit 37 extends lengthwise of the cavity2 and is composed of detachable. sections of substantially the sinne length as the sections 4. The lowi-r .end of the conduit 37 is formed with a lower o )ening in its bottom face and with a series oi upper openings above said fare, Fig. 2, and is surrounded by a hollow valve 3S closely fitting ihe conduit and the openings 7 N, and having its lower end closed and its peripheral wall provided with upper and lower seres of openings for communicating with the upper and lower openings in the co11i1uii37. The upper end of the conduit 37 projects above the pile l and its cap 1t), and is dctarhably connected to conduits 39 4t). A rod 4l is coimected Ato the valve 3S and extends lcnglhwise of the conduit 37 and outwardly throu rh the upper closed end thereof, and is provi ed with any desirable engaging means in order that said rod may be readily moved for manipulating the valve 38. Said valve 38 is particularly applicable for use withthe remaining parts of my apparatus, but it will be obvious that any other suitable valve muy be employed in lieu thereof. The means for forcing a fluid under pressure through the condintf37 consists of the tank 29 and the conduit 39 which is connected to said tank and is irovided with means, as a valve 42, for contro ling the flow through said conduit.

As best seen in liig. 2, the means surrounding the upper portion of the pile l and containing a solidifiable material consists' of a shell 43 of sullicient diameter so that a space interposed between the inner face of said shell and thi` periphery of ihe pile. The lower end of the shell 43 enters the soil a limited distance, and the upper end thereof extends above ihe level of ihe water overlying ilie soil. Said upper end of the shell 43 may be cngagid by die :ii-nis 3; just before the pitt ri arlirs the linut ol' its downward moveiucm. "hi solidiliublc nunerial contained bj.' the shell til is usually moisi` soil, aiul ihe upper suil'iu c thereof is above the water sirroiinding said shell 43. 'lliis material ma.,v

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of the refrigerating brine through the cavity 2 and the conduit 37 and freezing a comparativelv stable shell around the pile. After the formation of said shell, the low of the .brine from the conduit 5t) is shut off by the valve 52 and the valve 55 is opened, whereupon compressed air forces the brine from the cavity 2 and through the conduits 37 4t) to the cooler 44. Upon the discharge oi the refrigerating agent from the cavity 2. the valves 5l and 55 are closed, the valve 38 is manipulated to disconnect the conduit 37 from said cavity and steam is admitted to the cavity l! from the conduit 54 and the pipe 56, thus melting the surface of the frozen or solidied shell immediately adjacent to the pile. The tlow of the steam is then shut oFf, air is admitted to the lower ends of the cylinders 26 for relieving the pile from the weight of the tloat, the pile is withdrawn by the derrick 20, and the solidified shell is lilled with cement to thedesired depth, thus forming a permanent pile. A numbei' of these piles may be inserted into the soil side by side and other foundations indicated by dotted lines in Fig. tl placed thereupon. By measuring the amount of penetration of the removable form the permanent piles, it is possible to form a plurality of piles of dissimilar length, but with their top surfaces in substantially the same plane which is a feature ot ,great advantage. As will be obvious to those skilled in the art, the openings to which the conduits 40, 5U and .54 are connected maybe provided with caps. and in this event provided said caps are in place, it will not be necessary to connect said conduits 4U, 5t) and 54 to the caps until thc pile has entered the soil to the predetermined depth.

The construction and operation of my apparatus will noviY be readily understood upon reference to the foregoing description and the accompanying drawing, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art, that more or less change maybe made in the coinponent parts thereof without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:A

l. In combination, a removable pile for enteiing the soil to provide a. cavity for a pei'- manent pile, said removable pile having an internal cavity, and means for supplying a refrigerating agent to the lat tei' cavity to so- L lidii'y the soil surrounding the reiiiovable pile and thereby preserve the yvall ol' the per? marient pile cavity al'tcr the withdrawal ol the removable pile, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In combination, a removable pile for entering the soil to {oi-ni a permanent pilecavity, meiuis for `solidil'ying 'he `toil adjaaround the ile, and means associated with said pile for iiiosening thc pile from said shell to permit withdrawal of the saine, substantially as and for the purpose set t'orth,

25. ln combination, a removable pile for entering the soil to provide a cavity for a pernianeiit pile, means for decreasing the temperature of the removable pile and thereby solidii'ying the soil surrounding the pile and forming a shell around the saine, and means for increasing the temperature otl the removable pile and thereby melting the surl'ace of said shell around the pile to permit withdrawal of said pile, substantially as and for the purpose specil'ied.

4, ln combination, a pile for entering the soil, said pile having an internal cavity and having its point formed with a` passage comh municating with the cavity and leading through the exterior surface ol the point. means for supplying a fluid to the cavity, and means associated with the pile for preventing the escape of said tluid through the passage, substantially as and 'for the purpose specilied.

5. ln combination, a pile for entering the soil, `said pile having its point formed with a pile and the quantityT of cement used to passage leading through the exterior surface ot' the point. a conduit associated with the pile and celinmunicating with the passage, and means associated with the pile l'or preienting the communication of the conduit with the passage, substantially as and t'or the' purpose described.

ti. ln combination. a pile for entering the soil, said pile having its point formed with a chamber and a passage leading from the chamber through the exterior Surface oll tho point,a conduit associated with the pile and' communicating with the chamber. and means assrnxiated with the pile l'or preventing the communication nl' the conduit with the chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

T. Yln combination, a pile for entering the soil, said pile having an internal cavity and having its point'forn'ied with a passage leadingr through the exterior surface otp the point, a conduit arranged iii the internal cm ity and having means t'or communicating with the cavity and with said passage, means for snpplying a fluid to the cavity andthe conduit, and means` t'or preventing the coiuii'iunication of the conduit with the passage.` ils stanti-ally as and for the purpose specilied,

ts. ln combination, a. removable pile for entering the lsoil to provide a cavity i'or a permanent pile, means for decreasing the temperature of the removable pile and thereby solidil'ying the soil surrounding the pile and forming a shell around the same means lor increasing thc temperature oiI the removable pile and thereby melting the surface of isaid shell around thc pile to permit withcent to the pile and thereby lornn'ig a .shi-il l drawal ol` said pile. and means supported bv' ITO Y S. p

aving 1&5 pant, nfinaad with pa meal@ if r supplying n ref'igerating :LgffntV Y munsating *ith the, cavity andl leading tnugh the exten-mf suman@ fsf the palmi;

Primus fn' faxing; a uf *anden* nresgse h the passages and thereby facf mg me entrance of tbn plie mi@ the Sufi, mi

th Y

i2. in mmbnanj g1, im' entering the Sura thrmlgh the pas and thoreby faQ- the ntflr'nal cfwty, and means fnxrpreyente ni mmm im* prevenir Y nf? n sperling i231 Y 9. In 31* making upmnngs Y in Submeiged sQ Vandftsn ovcrlymg liquid. 5 tha @makina-tien s?? "pe having fm internal Y Die in' n having its inner Y,

f fr.

.Il Y ,Y Qns for making @pi-ning j in suin'nfngfifY Vnxfnirthu uverlying iquif', tw flgnnbn; an n? i; pv having an int-armi cavity, snrrnunding the portion uf the I3@ )ile within the liquid and having its inner lace separated from the pile for forming a space`to receive a Inaterlal solidiiiable by freezing, means for sup )lying a refrigerating agent to the cavity andl thereby freezing the soil adjacent to the pile and also said soliditiable material and forming a shell around the pile, and means for sup lying a heating agent to the cavity ol the pi e for melting the surface of said shell contiguous to the pile and thereby permittin .withdrawal \of the pile, substantially as an for the purpose decribed.

21. ln an apparatus for forcing )iles into submerged soil, the combination o a pile, a float, and means associated with the ioat for causing movement of the pile in reference to the float whereby the weight'of the float acts to force the pile into the soil, substantially as andfor the purpose specified.

2;. ln an apparatus for forcing piles into submerged soil, the combination with two members, one comprising a pile and the other a float; of a cylinder connected to one of said members, a piston movable in the cylinder and connected to the other member, and means for supplying a fluid under pressure to the cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

23%. ln an a )paratus for forcing piles into submerged soll, the combination with two members, one com )rising a pile and the other a float; of a c vlin er connected to the float. a piston movable in the cylinder, an engag ing member connected to the piston and movable into engagement with the pile7 and means for suppli ing a fluid under iressure to the cylinder, substantiall)v as and flor the purpose described.

24. In an apparatus for forming piles in moist soil, the combination of a pile for entering t be soil, means for forcing the pile into the soil. means for soliditving a shell around thepile.n1cansfor withdrawing the pile from said shell, and meansfor lilling cement into said shell. substantially as and for the purpose described. l

25. T he herein describe( roeess of making openings in unstable soi the same consisting in forcing a pile into the soil. s1 lidifv i'ng the surface of the soil adjacent to the pile and tlereby forming a shell :iround the pile, and tinally withdrawing the pile from said stiel', substantially as and for the purpose specified.

26. The herein described process of making openings in unstable soil, the same consisting in forcing a pile into the soil, freezing the surface of the soil adjacent to the pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile, and finally withdrawing the pile from said shell substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

27. The herein des'. ribed process of maliing openings in unstable Isoil, the same consisting in forcing a hollow pile into the soil.

subjecting the surface of the soil` adjacent to the pile to the influence of a refrigerating agent within the interior of the pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile, and inally withdrawingr the ile from said shell, substantially as and for t 1e purpose set forth.

28. The herein described process of making openings in unstable submerged soil and the superimposed liquid, the same consisting in forcing a pile into the soil, surrounding the portion of the pile within the liquid with a soliditiable material, solidifying the sur, face of the soil and of said material adjacent to the )ile and thereby forming a shell around t e pile, and finally withdrawing the pile from said shell, substaitiallj,v as and for the purpose described.

2Q. The herein described 1process of making openings in unstable soi the same consisting in forcing the soil from the lower end of the pile and thereby facilitating the entrance of said end into the soil. solidilying the surface of the soil ad'aeent to the pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile, and finally withdrawing the pile from said shell, substantially as andl for the purpose' specified.. i

3l). 'The herein described )rocess of making openings in unstable soil sisting in forcing a pile into the soil,solidif}' ing the surface of the soil adjacent tothe pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile. decreasing the solidity of the surface of said shell contiguous to the pile, and finali)Y withdrawing the pile from said shell, substantially as and for the urpose described.

3l.` The herein described )recess of making openings in unstable soil. the same consisting in forcing a hollow pile into the soil. subjecting the surface of the soil adjacent to the pile to the influence of a refrigerating agent within the interior of the pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile, subjecting the surface of said shell contiguous to the pile to the influence of a heating agent within the interior of the pile, and finally withdrawing the pile from said shell, sub- `stantially as and for the purpose specified.

32, The herein described process of malt-v ing piles in uhst able soil, the same consisting in forcing a pile into the soil, solidiying the surface of the soil adjacent to the pile and thereby forming a shell around the pile, withdrawing the pile from` said shell, and. inserting a filler into said shell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereol have hereunto signed my name inthe presence of two .attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of' Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 31st day of October, 1903.

GEORGl) G. `hYERL 'itn esses:

S. DAvIs, I). LAVINE.

, the same eon- ICO IlO

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